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Make a Difference

When Expecting the Right Answer Is Dead Wrong

Who was thrown into the lions' den? Kids may try to please you with the wrong "right answer": "Jesus" or "God"
“Okay, children, who was thrown into the lions’ den?” “Jesus!”

A friend once observed that if someone asks a group of children at church a question, any question, at least some of the children will answer, “God!” or “Jesus!” Their thinking goes something like this, “Since I’m in church, the correct answer must be ‘God’ or ‘Jesus.'”

I believe in truth, though sometimes it’s hard to suss out. I do not believe that reality is whatever I determine it is.

But sometimes our expectations twist the answers people give us. The example I started with is merely a humorous case of kids engaging in faulty reasoning. But in a much more serious vein, if we pressure people to meet our expectations about what is “right,” even in areas that have more to do with opinions or feelings than with facts, we lose the opportunity to allow people to be real and to engage in honest dialogue with us.

You Shouldn’t Feel That Way

How often has someone told you (or have you told someone), “You should (or shouldn’t) feel _____”? How often has someone implied that with a question like, “Don’t you just love (or hate) _____?”

Expecting “right” answers when it comes to feelings hurts people who don’t feel the way we expect them to.

Women struggling with postpartum depression may feel compelled to lie, hiding their crushing fears and doubt as people beam at them and ask, “Don’t you just love being a mother?” or “Don’t you just love your new baby?”

A friend who was laid off from the job he hated may be wrestling with the fact that he feels distressed about the layoff. People can experience complicated feelings around major life events. Your friend is probably already telling himself, “What’s wrong with me? I hated that job. I should be happy to be leaving it.” He doesn’t need you to say that to him. The kindest thing you can do is just listen, giving your friend space to wrestle with his mixed emotions.

Shame On You!

One of the worst forms of pressure to feel a certain way is shaming. Some of us believe that people don’t feel enough shame these days. If only we brought back shame, we think, fewer people would _______. 

Indeed, shame can motivate us to change. But many people who study shame as a motivator believe it has more to do with failure to live up to one’s own standards than with failure to meet the approval of others. And shaming can backfire, causing a person to retreat into the very behaviors others are so “helpfully” trying to “fix.”

Your Doubt Makes Me Uncomfortable

Perhaps my friend’s observation about children in church answering all questions with “Jesus” or “God” says something about the rigidity of our places of worship. It’s not that it’s wrong to proclaim that there is such a thing as truth. Nor is there anything wrong with stating that some behavior is right and some is wrong. But there needs to be room for people to be real and to wrestle with their doubts, their questions, and their emotions.

In one adult Sunday School class I attended, we broke up into small groups to discuss something. I can’t remember the subject of our conversation. But I do remember that one person said, “I’m not sure that I believe Jesus even existed as a historical person.” I’m glad he had the courage to speak openly about his thoughts and feelings. But I don’t think any of us were completely comfortable with what he had to say. I know that I was shocked. This guy was in church every Sunday… and he wasn’t even sure if Jesus existed?

But many Christians, even famous Christians, have struggled with doubt. Why don’t we make room for it? Are we afraid doubt is catching, like a disease? Are we afraid that one person’s doubts will expose our own? Do we feel challenged by their doubts? None of these are good reasons to discourage others from being honest.

Likewise, we need to allow others to voice their questions and to disagree with us. People who ask hard questions or disagree with us on cherished beliefs make us squirm, but if we cannot allow their differences and questions because we are afraid, our beliefs are built on a weak foundation. And if we don’t welcome people who hold different opinions and ask challenging questions, the message we are sending is: Either pretend to be like me or leave.

My Way or the Highway

Ever been in a meeting with one person who sees a flaw in every plan?

We need that person.

Too often, our offices and our volunteer boards are dominated by strong personalities. These people are happy to rise to the challenge of leadership, but they may fall into the trap of believing their way is the only way. Woe to those who question or disagree with the leader.

But like everyone else, leaders aren’t perfect. They can be wrong. We need people to ask hard questions and challenge popular wisdom. Of course, these contrarians can also be wrong. But if we aren’t willing to entertain alternative thinking, people may hold back good ideas or choose not to point out problems out of fear. Our organizations will weaken as a result.

Boys Don’t Cry

Sometimes we determine what is “right” for people to feel or like or experience based on who they are. Although I’ve noticed shifts in this practice over the past decade, we often divide things like room decor into stuff for boys, featuring sports, dinosaurs, or superheroes, and stuff for girls, featuring ballerinas, flowers, or ponies. As adults, we’re told that relationships are more important to women, while men tie their identities to their careers. How many people choose not to be honest about their preferences or question their masculinity or femininity because they don’t fit what they have been told is “normal” for their gender?

Of course we use other categories, including race and age, to determine what we think a person “should” do, think, or feel. Senior citizens shouldn’t be interested in sex. People of color shouldn’t support Republicans. (If this is the first post by me that you’ve read, you should know that I lean to the left and am deeply disgusted with most Republicans right now. Nevertheless, I am bothered when my fellow liberals tell people of color — or poor people or members of the LGBT community or women — who they should or should not vote for, as if they were unable to think for themselves.)

Just the Facts?

There are plenty of things that are factual — even when people deny the facts. The Holocaust and the moon landing both occurred. Getting our children vaccinated is far more likely to protect them than harm them. Our planet’s climate is changing.

But there’s a lot that falls outside of the realm of the factual. Feelings, opinions, and preferences vary from person to person. People have doubts and questions about things we hold dear. Let’s allow people to be themselves, even if they don’t give us the “right” answers. Then they no longer have to carry the burden of meeting unrealistic expectations. Then we can talk, listen, and work toward understanding and being there for each other. We can make a difference just by giving people the freedom not to conform to our notions of what’s right.

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Something Wonderful

Explore Fran Wilde’s Bone Universe

Updraft from Fran Wilde's Bone Universe series

I read Fran Wilde’s first novel, Updraft, not long after it came out, and I fell in love with the world she created.

In the Bone Universe, people live in a city of bone towers and fly from place to place. Nearly invisible skymouths grab the unwary with their tentacles. Mysterious tattooed Singers, who live in the Spire, maintain order. Breaking the city’s Laws can result in receiving bone chips, which weigh a flyer down. The Singers sacrifice the worst Lawsbreakers to the city, dropping them from the sky without their wings.

Updraft is Kirit’s story. In the days leading up to her wingtest, Kirit wants nothing more than to become her mother’s apprentice, learning to successfully trade goods among the towers. One bad choice threatens all of her plans.

Wilde’s Bone Universe is interesting and logical. In a world where people never descend their towers, metal is a scarce and valuable resource. The only meat people eat comes from birds; their clothing is made of silk (spun by spiders). As Kirit’s story unfolds, Wilde tells us just enough and no more. She leaves her readers curious: What lies beneath the clouds? In the first book, we never learn.

I also enjoyed the characters: Kirit and her friend Nat (unlike many male-female friendships in books, this one seems to be entirely platonic); Wik, a Singer who discovers a rare talent in Kirit and forces her to bargain with the Spire; and the young Singer apprentices Moc and Ciel — although they remind me a little of Poppet and Widget from The Night Circus.

Because Wilde is so good at drawing us into her world and the lives of her characters, I was glad to pick up the next novel in the series, Cloudbound.

Compared to Updraft, Cloudbound was disappointing. This time the story is told through Nat’s eyes. While I enjoyed meeting him in the first book, I found him a little annoying in the second. As a young adult, Nat has become involved in the city’s politics. It feels like much of the book involves his angst over doing the right thing. Where Updraft moves along, Cloudbound is slow, filled with political debates that drag on and on. Were it not for the fact that Wilde gives us a whole new layer to the Bone Universe as we dive beneath the clouds, I might have given up on the series.

But Wilde’s world carried me along, bringing me to the final book in the series, Horizon. Any faith I’d lost in her was restored by this book. This time she tells the story from three points of view: Kirit’s, Nat’s, and that of Spire-born Macal. We move from the ground, where we finally discover the truth behind the Bone Universe, back up to the tops of the towers and to all points in between. The stakes are high, and the plot moves at a faster pace than in Cloudbound. We see the characters at their best and their worst. By the time I had finished, I found myself missing both favorite characters and the universe itself — the sure sign of a good series.

If you enjoy science fiction and fantasy set in well-crafted universes, spend some time exploring Wilde’s Bone Universe. Her website mentions two short stories set in the Bone Universe and some additional stories and novellas set in a different universe. I look forward to future encounters with her work.

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Make a Difference

What the @*&! Is Civility Anyway?

Civility doesn't refraining from protesting.
Photo by Jerry Kiesewetter on Unsplash

My post on civility yesterday got far more than the usual amount of feedback on Facebook. Some of the responses explored nuances I failed to consider. Others led me to believe that I had leaned into the notion of civility so much that I did not made it clear that I believe strongly in speaking up. So I thought I’d break with my normal blogging schedule to revisit the topic.

What is civility anyway?

Let’s start with a definition of civility — something I didn’t bother with in yesterday’s post. According to Merriam-Webster, civility means: “civilized conduct, especially: courtesy, politeness; a polite act of expression.”

When I think of civility, I think of the first part of this definition: “civilized conduct.” In my mind, civility is common decency. It’s taking the high road. Once you bring politeness into the definition, I wonder if civility is overrated after all. As I mentioned in my last post, Jesus was not always polite.

Both civility and incivility are difficult to define. It’s easy for someone who is offended to point to behavior and call it “incivility.” But if you offend someone, you weren’t necessarily uncivil. Incivility is offensive. But legitimate protest can also come across as offensive to the targets of the protest. John the Baptist told Herod, “It is not lawful for you to have your brother’s wife” (Mark 6:18). Herod reacted by throwing him into prison. John was offensive but perfectly civil.

When is it okay to…?

Another problem is deciding when behavior is or is not civil. There are so many gray areas. Is swearing uncivil? If we don’t measure incivility by whether or not people are offended, then is swearing always okay? What about when Samantha Bee called Ivanka Trump a c*nt? As I mentioned in my post yesterday, Jesus called the Pharisees “brood of vipers,” among many other things. Bee used a word many people consider offensive. Other than that, is there any difference between what she had to say and what Jesus had to say? Perhaps because I see c*nt as an incredibly sexist term, I have a problem with Bee’s language. To me, it stoops to incivility. Other people might say that harsh times call for harsh language.

Reflecting on Jesus’ terms for the Pharisees brings another problem to mind: Is it ever okay to use dehumanizing language? Despite the frequent comparison of people with animals these days, the general consensus seems to be that such language isn’t civil. This gives those of us who are Christians something to wrestle with. As this Methodist pastor points out, the prophetic voice can be pretty harsh. But when is it okay to compare people to animals, and when is it not okay?

Maybe I shouldn’t be talking about civility at all. It’s not in the Bible. As one friend pointed out, we are called to be loving, which isn’t the same as being civil.

This friend also noted that the command to turn the other cheek is a command to individuals on how they should respond to individuals. She’s right. I’ll take her point even further: Too often “turn the other cheek” is hurled by those in power at those without power, encouraging them to put up with abuse in the name of Jesus. I don’t know if he ever literally told a woman to “turn the other cheek,” but think of the way Paige Patterson counseled abused women to pray for their husbands rather than leave the situation or report the abuse to the police. Jesus did tell us to “turn the other cheek.” But we need to be careful that we aren’t using that command to uphold injustice.

So, where does that leave us?

All I’ve done in this post is to point out problems: problems with my last post and problems with trying define civility and incivility.

But I stand behind my main point in yesterday’s post: We should not stoop to behavior that we condemn in others — even if it means losing the midterm election. I realize that things are bad. I believe we need to do everything within our power — within the bounds of common decency — to turn the tide. But we need to look carefully at our own behavior. Are we living up to the standards to which we hold our opponents?

It is ridiculous that this administration got upset over the fact that Sarah Sanders was asked to leave a restaurant, given the things Trump says and does on a daily basis. And whether or not you think Stephanie Wilkinson’s behavior to Sanders was uncivil, it would be too mild to use “incivility” to describe some of the responses to the Red Hen incident. People have thrown eggs and excrement at the Red Hen (and other restaurants with that name). They’ve made death threats (and these threats have reached people who have nothing to do with the Red Hen in Virginia). Death threats aren’t uncivil; they are evil. This sort of behavior makes me reluctant to criticize Wilkinson.

But in the end, I believe it comes down to this: How do you feel about the Supreme Court’s decision to allow businesses to refuse service to gay couples who are getting married? Do you believe this ruling protects the religious freedom of the business owners? Then you have to accept that Wilkinson, too, was making a decision about the morality of someone’s behavior. She refused service to Sanders because she didn’t want to support her behavior.

If you believe that businesses should not be allowed to discriminate against gay couples, why was it okay for Wilkinson to refuse service to Sanders based on her feelings about Sanders’ behavior? Maybe she should have tried another approach — something along the lines of what the cast of Hamilton did when Mike Pence attended the show. She could have served the table herself and asked Sander to reconsider her continued defense of Trump’s policies.

Civility is a slippery thing to pin down. I don’t know if this follow-up post has really done any good in trying to clarify my thoughts on the issue. And in the end, I am not God. I have no doubt that I am wrong about many things. But I believe that we need to wrestle with this issue and to hold ourselves to high standards — even while we fight for change. As I said in yesterday’s post, doing the right thing doesn’t guarantee a win. But we must not embrace that which have condemned in others for the sake of winning.

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Make a Difference

Michelle Obama Knows Best… Or Does She?

Michelle Obama
“When they go low, we go high.” — Michelle Obama

I hadn’t planned on talking about politics and civility in this week’s post; however sometimes current events dictate a change in plans.

A co-owner of the Red Hen restaurant told Sarah Sanders to leave. Representative Maxine Waters called on people to push back against members of Trump’s cabinet. “Civility” has become the word of the week, and a quotation from Michelle Obama’s speech at the 2016 Democratic National Convention has resurfaced: “When they go low, we go high.”

Where does taking the high road get you?

That statement seems like weakness now. Where has taking the high road gotten Democrats? Trump was elected President of the United States, despite the way he mocked and bullied others. The Republican party has largely lined up behind him. And their wins are piling up right and left.

Republicans stalled President Obama’s Supreme Court pick for more than seven months, waiting hopefully (and successfully) for the election of a Republican president. Can you blame Democrats for wanting to play a similar game prior to the midterm election? The Supreme Court has ruled in favor of a baker who refused to bake a wedding cake for a gay couple. How is that different from asking someone you see as defending unethical behavior to leave your restaurant?

On top of this, many people are beginning to feel disenfranchised. The Supreme Court recently upheld both voter roll purges and gerrymandering. A President who did not win the popular vote will soon swing the already conservative court even further to the right. Why shouldn’t people make themselves heard through heckling their opponents and telling them they aren’t welcome?

I certainly understand the current rash of incivility. Civility seems to get us nowhere — perhaps on a personal level with neighbors or at work, but not on a national level. Incivility has seemingly won the day. Why not just do what works? Why not do unto others as they have done unto us?

Is this about winning or about doing the right thing?

But how can I say I am a Christian if I refuse to actually follow the one I call “Lord”? Over and over again, Jesus said to his disciples, “Go the extra mile, turn the other cheek, take up your cross and follow me.” When they go low, we go high…

Here’s the rub… people who have taken Jesus seriously don’t always win in worldly terms. The Bible does say, “If your enemy is hungry, give him food to eat; if he is thirsty, give him water to drink. In doing this, you will heap burning coals on his head, and the Lord will reward you.” (Proverbs 25:21-22, which Paul quoted in his letter to the Romans.) But beyond the (hopeful) satisfaction of shaming your enemy, there’s no guarantee that kindness will get you anywhere in this world.

If Democrats choose civility, it would be nice to think there would be a reward in the upcoming midterms; however things could continue down the current path, thus reinforcing that incivility wins the day.

The problem with privilege

I should note here that it is easier to take this position as someone who is relatively privileged. I’m white and better off than many Americans, no matter how financially strapped I may feel. As Karen Attiah recently pointed out in an editorial in the Washington Post, it’s maddening to hear about civility from someone who has not been among the groups targeted by Trump, especially when that person is a white person handily picking quotations from people of color to make their point.

Given my position of privilege, it’s important that I pay attention to people like Attiah. But I don’t think being civil means failing to act or speak out. Jesus didn’t only tell us to love our enemies. He also overturned the money changers’ tables in the temple. He even called the Pharisees things like “brood of vipers” and “whitewashed tombs.”

The difference between incivility and taking a stand is this: Our job is not to give the other side what we got from them. It is not to imitate their tactics because those seem to be the tactics that win. It’s to stand up, firmly, for what is right, without resorting to cheap shots, without doing the very things we’ve complained about our opponents doing. Did the Republicans steal Obama’s pick for the Supreme Court? Yes. Should Democrats play by the same rule book? No. Isn’t better to do the thing that Republicans ought to have done two years ago and show that your party has high moral standards?

It’s tempting to say that Michelle Obama’s advice doesn’t hold water. Go high when others go low, and you may end up on the losing side. Real people are already getting hurt and will continue to get hurt if Democrats continue to lose. Even if we are not among those who are suffering, we must fight by their sides. We must try to put people into office who will look out for those are most hurt by bad governmental policies.

Nevertheless, I believe that what Michelle Obama said is a biblical truth. We are called to go high when everyone around us seems to be going low. Not because it’s the road to earthly success, but because it’s the right thing to do. If we abandon our moral principles in the fight for what’s right, we will lose even if we win.

The challenge to people like me, who may wish to behave in a saintly manner but who often fail to do so, is to actually live up to this calling. Will you join me in trying?

 

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Something Wonderful

The Florida Project: Not Feel-Good, Just Good

The Florida Project

From the very first scene, The Florida Project (2017) is visually stunning and saturated in color. That shines through in promotional images, like the one above, and in the film’s trailer, which could lead you to believe it’s a feel-good movie. It’s not. Watch The Florida Project because you want to watch a good movie… not because you want to watch something happy.

Set in the Orlando area, The Florida Project is the story of Moonee and her mother, Halley. The pair live in The Magic Castle, a budget motel filled with people who are struggling to get by. Moonee and Halley are not particularly likable. While Moonee is mostly just mischievous, she has a mean streak; having learned from her mother’s example, she shouts, “Bitch!” at more than one adult she encounters. Halley clearly loves her daughter, but she also fails to supervise or discipline her. When the motel’s manager warns Halley about Moonee’s behavior, Halley turns to Moonee with a laugh, saying, “I’ve failed as a mother!”

Halley makes bad choices, but she also is stuck in poverty because of her circumstances. She tries to find ways to earn money but seems foiled at every turn. You want to shake her… and you want to help her out. Her story raises the question: How do you fix your life when your options are so limited?

Halley and Moonee are surrounded by a community full of people whose names end in an “ee” sound (seriously, it’s out of hand): Bobby, the hotel manager; Scooty, Dicky, and Jancey, Moonee’s friends; Halley’s friend, Ashley; and Jancey’s grandmother, Stacy. Despite the similar endings to their names, they’re a varied group. Each struggles to make the best of where they are… and some succeed better than others. Bobby (Willem Dafoe) was one of my favorite characters. He’s a mix of tough and tender — probably the sort of person someone in his shoes would need to be in order to successfully manage a motel that serves more as housing for people in poverty than as lodging for tourists.

The Florida Project is heart-breaking — I got a bit teary, though I confess I tear up easily — but it’s also beautiful and thought-provoking. The end is especially interesting — a bit of a jolt from the rest of the film but not, in my mind, in a bad way. Having finally seen it, I understand why people were upset the movie was largely neglected during Oscar season, receiving only one nomination (Williem Dafoe for Best Supporting Actor). You don’t want to watch it when you need something uplifting, but be sure to see it. The acting, the story, the cinematography — all are simply amazing.

The Florida Project is available for streaming or purchase on Amazon.

 

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Make a Difference

Take a Break

Take a sabbath break

One of the best things you can do to make a difference is to take a weekly break — something many Jews and Christians call a sabbath.

Here’s why:

Taking a Regular Break is Like Putting Fuel in Your Tank

Even the most energetic humans have their limits, and you can’t run on empty forever. When you step away from work on a regular basis, you’re giving yourself time to rest and recharge. If you won’t do it for yourself, consider it an opportunity to fuel up for more world-changing work. And if you find yourself flagging midweek, the thought of your upcoming day of rest can keep you going.

A Sabbath Break in Your Schedule Gives You More Time to Love Others

Right now you may be saying, “Wait a minute! I thought you were writing about taking a break and recharging. Now you’re talking about using the break to do good.”

Well, yes. I mention using your weekly break to love others for a couple of reasons.

First, sometimes our day-to-day duties get in the way of the more important things, like tending to relationships. Taking a break from your regular activities creates room in your schedule for the people around you. If you have difficulty finding time to make a difference, try making the time by choosing one day where that will be your focus.

Second, using your sabbath to love others isn’t necessarily antithetical to taking a day of rest. I say this as an introvert. I desperately need my alone time. If I spent my entire day of rest with people, especially with strangers or large groups, I would be exhausted. But — even for introverts — spending some time with people we love can actually make us feel better. As long as you make sure you get some time alone, using the day to love others won’t necessarily be draining.

How Exactly Do You Take a Sabbath Break?

Search for “sabbath” online, and you’ll find a variety of strong opinions on how and when to take it.

I’m not going to give you an exact prescription for sabbath-keeping. First, I don’t want to assume that all of my readers share my Christian faith. Second, I’m not a big fan of making legalistic prescriptions. I have preferences for how to spend a day of rest, but I’m not God. Besides, I’ve often failed to honor my own preferences, so why should I outline rules for you that I don’t always follow?

So here are suggestions — not rules — about how you might spend your day of rest.

  • Spend time with God. I believe there is no better way to recharge than spending time with the One who created us. While we can and should spend time in prayer more often than once a week, a sabbath day of rest is a particularly good day for this. And if you belong to a worship community that gathers weekly, choosing to spend part of your day of rest at that service can be a source of refreshment and a way to love others. When my daughter was young, our pastor asked the children why we go to church. She responded, “To bring hope to others.” That isn’t the only reason to attend, but what a great response!
  • Avoid commercial activities if you can. But it’s okay not to be rigid about it. If you’re running errands all day on your sabbath, you’re not resting. I recommend emphasizing activities like relaxing at home, taking walks, or hanging out with friends as much as possible. But I don’t think your day of rest must be everyone’s day of rest. I frequently get together with friends on Sunday afternoon to have ice cream, because that day works well for many of us. Yes, I’m spending money and benefiting from someone else’s labor, but I’m also building relationships with people I care about.
  • Set limits on your use of technology. There are people who choose to have screen-free sabbaths. There’s a lot to be said for that. Staying plugged in all the time isn’t good for us. While I allow myself to use the computer, I significantly limit what I do. I spend plenty of time on email, Twitter, and Facebook during the week, so I avoid them as much as possible on my sabbath day (although I have been known to jump on Facebook if I need to check on a friend). I also choose not to work on my blog or other writing projects on my day off. On the other hand, I might check out Pinterest or watch something online just for fun.
  • As I mentioned above, use the day both to rest and to love others. Consider your sabbath day a gift — an opportunity to get ready for the week to come and to invest in the things that truly matter.

Are you taking a weekly break? If not, what can you do to introduce that practice into your life?

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Something Wonderful

Let Pop Culture Inspire Your Exercise

Pretend your a ninja or let other pop culture inspire your exercise

When it comes to exercise, you can find inspiration in the oddest places.

I wrote about YogaQuest in my book, Geek Culture. Justine Mastin was looking for a way to encourage more physical activity within the geek community and came up with the idea of combining fanfiction and yoga. She found that YogaQuest served as a sort of “gateway drug,” as some people added more traditional classes to their schedules following their introduction to yoga via YogaQuest.

Mastin isn’t the only one to combine pop culture with exercise. Steve Kamb founded NerdFitness to help “people with desk jobs that love nerd culture, games, books, and movies, but also know they need to make healthier choices in their day to day lives.” Pokemon Go was designed to get people to exercise more (though it was only temporarily successful at achieving this). And there are several more examples of how geeks are using pop culture to spark interest in fitness.

If you’re having trouble getting enough exercise and think pop culture-related workouts might motivate you, consider these options, in addition to the ones above:

Pick an online workout

Darebee has page after page of workouts, many with pop culture references. If it helps you to imagine you are training alongside Brienne of Tarth or Robin Hood, you’ll find the perfect workout here.

Real Anime Training offers workouts inspired by shows like One-Punch Man, Dragon Ball, Sailor Moon, and My Hero Academia.

Download an App

Zombies, Run! places you in a zombie apocalypse story. Walkers like me are out of luck; there is no Zombies, Step Lively! version of the app.

Not into zombies? BattleSuit Runner Fitness seems to be based on the same general concept.

Superhero Workout, by the folks behind Zombies, Run!, is an app that emphasizes strength training for people who dream of saving the earth.

Ninja Fitness is for people who want a more well-rounded routine, including endurance, strength, agility, and “zen” (flexibility plus meditation). Note: I mentioned this app because I’d read something about it and it had an interesting website. A few days ago, I decided I’d like to download it and found that it no longer seems to exist. I really wish people would pull down a product’s website when it is pulled from the market. I apologize if anyone tried to download this and couldn’t find it.

Over the coming months, four new Pokemon Go-style games will be released. If you’re a fan of Ghostbusters, Harry Potter, Jurassic World, or The Walking Dead, keep an eye out for these apps.

Join other geeky people in your area

The Los Angeles area has Nerdstrong Gym. Minneapolis has not only YogaQuest but also Geek Slink Belly Dance. And there are Live-Action Role Playing groups all over the world.

You might also just want to learn geeky skills outside of a geeky environment. You can learn archery so that you can fight alongside Legolas, or take fencing or martial arts classes.

Choose your own adventure

What if you really want to train for the Hunter Exam but can’t find the appropriate online workout? What if all you really want to do is keep up with the Doctor when he finally shows up in his TARDIS? Use your own geeky interests to create a workout that will train you for whatever fantasy world you particularly love. Whatever you do, just get moving!

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Make a Difference

Host a Chocolate Party

Throw a chocolate party to educate others about human trafficking

Since I began this blog in October 2016, I’ve mentioned my concerns about slavery in the cocoa industry more than once. After I first learned about the issue, I faced a problem: I’m a chocoholic. That means that I can either bury my head in the sand and pretend the problem doesn’t exist — something I’m not comfortable with — or I can try to do something.

One of the ways I decided to take action was to share what I’d learned about slavery through chocolate-tasting parties. I was inspired by Stop the Traffik. They no longer post their chocolate-tasting party plan on their website, but they still offer several resources related to slavery in the cocoa industry, including a suggestion for a fondue party.

My initial plans for the party were based almost entirely on Stop the Traffik’s suggestions. I planned to introduce people to the topic, share a fictionalized account based on a real slave’s story, offer fair-trade chocolate for tasting, and encourage people to write postcards asking grocers to carry fair-trade chocolate and urging chocolate companies to track down and eliminate slavery in their supply chain.

But while I was planning my first party, my child said, “It isn’t a party without games.” So I added a couple of games: a quiz on modern-day slavery and a Price Is Right-style game about the cost of fair-trade chocolate. I also eliminated the postcard writing campaign and handed out a resource sheet instead.

I usually host this party in my home, though I’ve offered it at a couple of churches, too. As I’ve had more practice throwing the parties, I’ve made tweaks. I ended up eliminating the fictionalized account; it slowed the pace of the party down. I considered showing a clip or two from Amazing Grace but rejected that idea for the same reason. (I can see the potential in having some guests over to watch and discuss the movie. If The Chocolate Case is ever available for purchase or rental, it would make another excellent choice.) I also discovered Putumayo’s Music from the Chocolate Lands, which I start playing when the first guests arrive. Sadly, it’s out of print now.

While I am happy to host a chocolate party if someone requests it, I encourage you to host your own party. You can use Stop the Traffik’s fondue party idea, you can use my party format, or you can create your own. I’ve outlined the steps I use to prepare for my party below.

Get Ready

Get an estimated number of attendees. You don’t want to run out of chocolate.

Purchase supplies. You’ll need to go to about three different stores to purchase chocolate for the pricing game. Get a variety of fair-trade chocolate bars. You might also want to purchase some fair-trade hot chocolate mix and baking products. Be sure to buy at least one of the same chocolate bar from different shops, so that people can see the price differences between stores. Endangered Species is a good brand to choose for that, because many stores carry it. Keep your receipts; you’ll need them to set up the game.

You’ll also need five kinds of chocolate bars for the tasting portion. Get bars with different amounts of cocoa content. I like to have at least one milk chocolate bar and several dark chocolate options, including one with some sort of flavor (Green & Black’s Maya Gold Dark Chocolate has been a favorite at the parties). If you will have several children present, keep most of the options lower on the cocoa content scale; most children won’t enjoy the more bitter dark chocolates. You can probably get more tasting portions from a bar than the number of servings per bar. You can save money by using some of the chocolate from the pricing game for the chocolate tasting.

You’ll want a beverage and a healthy snack for people to munch on, as well as napkins, cups, and small plates. I usually just serve water, and I have some fruit available. Crackers and one or two mild cheeses could be another good option.

Get some index cards for the pricing game. Also, consider having a good knife handy if you’ll be cutting up chocolate for the tasting during the party.

Get Set

Set everything up. Pick out background music if you want. Print one quiz and enough resource and tasting sheets for everyone. Set out pencils for all guests. You’ll need one index card per item in the pricing game. On one side, write down the name of the item, where you purchased it, and its cost. On the other side, write a price that is higher than, lower than, or the same as the actual price of the item. Spread the index cards out on a table. The purchase information should be facing down. Put the chocolates on top of their matching cards. If you won’t be using the pricing game chocolate for the tasting portion, you can cut up all of the tasting chocolate ahead of time. Keep the wrappers with their respective bars, so you can tell what’s what! Set out beverages, cups, napkins, plates, and snacks.

Go

Getting started. I treat this party a little like a relaxed meeting; you may choose a different approach. But because the party has a purpose, I try to be somewhat timely in starting it. Late arrivals can jump in whenever they show up. I start the party by talking just a little about my interest in modern-day slavery, but I don’t go into too much detail, because people will start to learn more about slavery through the quiz.

The Modern-Day Slavery Quiz. I really get into the topic of slavery through a short quiz. I conduct it out loud. I read through each question twice. First I ask everyone to just listen to the question and the possible answers. Then I read through the question and responses again, asking people to raise their hands when they think an answer is correct. I let them know at the beginning that a question may have more than one right answer. Every time I prepare for a party, I make sure the quiz is up-to-date. You can download my May 2018 version of the quiz, but be sure to check the answers before you use it. The correct answers have an “x” after them; note that all of the answers for question 2 are correct (and your guests will surely figure that out).

Here are some notes on a few of the questions.

Question 1. Slaves may receive a little reimbursement for their labor, but they have no option to leave. The key to slavery has less to do with reimbursement than with the fact that the person is forced to continue working, even if he or she initially entered into the job freely. Note also that slavery is illegal in every recognized country in the world. (Someone pointed out to me that ISIS allows for slavery, but ISIS is an organization, not a nation.)

Question 2. Make sure that people understand that slavery happens everywhere — including in their own country. Use at least one example that is close to home for your audience.

Question 5. I include this question, because I’ve seen the argument that slavery helps poor families. First, I assume people who make these arguments aren’t aware of the violence and other forms of coercive behavior used against people who are enslaved. Second, slavery primarily benefits the person who is doing the coercing. Families generally do not receive much, if any, of the benefits they may have been promised. Also, it’s important to make it clear that slaves generally do not become enslaved due to their own poor choices. Even if they made poor choices before becoming enslaved, the person or people coercing them made false promises in order to lure them into providing labor. The fault lies not with the enslaved person but with the one who has lied to and coerced them.

Questions 6 and 7. These questions are not meant to make light of the history of legalized slavery in the U.S. The point is that slave labor is cheaper than ever.

I end the quiz by asking if people feel overwhelmed. I then ask them, “How do you eat an elephant?” and of course at least one person will answer, “One bite at a time.” I’ll talk about how modern-day slavery feels like an elephant, and it is only one of the problems in the world. My job is to tell guests about slavery, but they may feel compelled to dedicate themselves to different causes. That’s okay. We have only so much time and energy. The important thing is to tackle whatever cause you are devoted to at a manageable, “bite-sized” rate.

You can also share the resource sheet at this time. This is another item I update before the party. I created my resource sheet for an American audience; if you live in another country, you may want to highlight different companies. I walk everyone through the resources briefly. I encourage people to contact the companies at the top of the page to talk to them about their commitment to eradicating slavery in the cocoa industry. In the case of Nestle, Hershey, and Mars, I encourage people to look into recent changes and commitments each company has made to tackle this issue. They should be thanked for what they have done so far and encouraged to continue to work toward high standards. This will include paying farmers more, which means that we will pay more for our chocolate.

In Godiva’s case, it’s better just to urge them to do something. When I contacted them several years ago, they sent me a very unsatisfactory response about needing to do more research; they made no commitment to change. My online research shows that they say they will have sustainable sourcing for all of their chocolate by 2020, but they haven’t outlined a satisfactory plan.

At the bottom of the page, I list some symbols that can help people find ethically sourced chocolate. Note that some ethical chocolate companies have not pursued these certifications, including Tony’s Chocolonely. Also, the folks behind that company discovered some cases in which fair-trade commitments were not being honored, so a certification is not a 100% guarantee that a company’s supply chain is clean. Check online to learn more about Rainforest Alliance certification, Fairtrade International and Fairtrade USA certifications, UTZ certification, and Fair for Life certification.

The Pricing Game. Next I move into the pricing game. I tell guests that I purchased the chocolates on display from different stores. Each item is paired with a price. The question is: Is that the price of the chocolate, or is the actual price lower or higher than the one listed? I take volunteers one at a time and let them pick an item from the table. I say the item’s name and the listed price so that everyone can hear. Then I ask the player to tell me if the price is correct, or if the actual price is lower or higher. Once they’ve made their guess, I turn the card over and let everyone know the actual price and the place of purchase. If you’re not using the chocolate from this game in the chocolate tasting, you could let winners take the chocolate item they correctly priced.

The reason everyone came: chocolate tasting. Once you’re out of chocolate for the pricing game or everyone who wants to has taken a turn, you can move on to the main event: the chocolate tasting. Make sure everyone has a cup of water, a pencil, and a chocolate tasting sheet. I tell participants to savor each chocolate slowly, taking it in with all of their senses. Before they even put it in their mouths, guests should look at the chocolate and note its appearance. Tell them to smell it and write down anything they notice. Then ask them to note how it feels as they bite into it and as it melts within their mouth. Did they notice any sounds as they bit into it? Finally, ask them to notice the different flavors. Is the chocolate sweet or bitter? Do they detect any fruity or nutty notes?

Start with the chocolate with the least cocoa content and move to higher levels of cocoa content. If you have two bars with the same cocoa content and one is mixed with some sort of flavoring, offer that one after the plain bar.

When the chocolate tasting is over, the party can move into a relaxed gear. Some people may choose to go home, others may wish to linger and talk. You may decide to send some leftover chocolate with your guests as they leave — and you may choose to keep some for yourself!

If you decide to host an anti-slavery chocolate party (or if you’ve already been doing so), I’d love to hear about it!

Categories
Something Wonderful

Love and Friendship and Lady Susan

Indulge in some lesser-known Jane Austen like Love and Friendship and Lady Susan

In the mid-1990s, theaters were filled with movies inspired by Jane Austen’s novels. In 1995 alone, Sense and Sensibility, Persuasion, and Clueless (a modern take on Emma) came out. Those who would rather see a more faithful adaptation of Emma didn’t have to wait long; a version starring Gwyneth Paltrow was released in 1996.

The movies didn’t completely dry up after that, but they did slow down. So when Love and Friendship was released in 2016, Austen fans gobbled it up.

Love and Friendship is based on Lady Susan, an epistolary novella that Austen probably wrote around the age of 19. The movie’s title is a little confusing, because Austen wrote another epistolary story titled “Love and Friendship” in her mid-teens.

“Love and Friendship”

If you’re an Austen fan and have not yet treated yourself to her minor works, I highly recommend them. “Love and Friendship” shows her wit — it’s not yet polished but still uproariously funny. The story begins with two short letters exchanged between Isabel and her friend, Laura. Isabel asks Laura a favor: Would she write to Marianne, Isabel’s daughter, and share the story of her misfortunes? Laura agrees. The rest of the story is a series of letters, all from Laura to Marianne, about her trials and tribulations as a romantic heroine. The 15-year-old Austen doesn’t hold back; Laura’s history is ridiculous from the start. “My Father was a native of Ireland & an inhabitant of Wales,” Laura begins. “My Mother was the natural Daughter of a Scotch Peer by an italian Opera-girl–I was born in Spain & received my Education at a Convent in France.”

“Love and Friendship” contains the kernel of a character type that Austen developed in a more sophisticated way in Northanger Abbey and Sense and Sensibility: a heroine who is too caught up in romance to be sensible. The story reaches the height of ridiculousness when Laura and a friend, Sophia, observe a tragic carriage accident.

Sophia shrieked & fainted on the Ground–I screamed and instantly ran mad–. We remained thus mutually deprived of our Senses some minutes, & on regaining them were deprived of them again–. For an Hour & a Quarter did we continue in this unfortunate Situation–Sophia fainting every moment & I running Mad as often.

The next day, Sophia falls violently ill. As Laura nurses Sophia, her unfortunate friend advises her to “beware of fainting-fits .. Though at the time they may be refreshing & Agreeable yet beleive me they will in the end, if too often repeated & at improper seasons, prove destructive to your Constitution. … Run mad as often as you chuse; but do not faint–.”

“Love and Friendship” is a quick, fun read that treats readers to a glimpse of Austen’s developing sense of humor.

Lady Susan

Lady Susan is more mature and more serious than “Love and Friendship.” Here the letters fly back and forth between several different characters, unfolding the story of a selfish woman who manipulates others to get what she wants. In many ways, she is very different from Austen’s other main characters. Even at her most mean-spirited, Emma Woodhouse is a far better person than Susan Vernon; Emma, after all, has a good heart, even when she is being thoughtless and rude. Lady Susan is nothing short of a villainess who bewitches most of the men around her. The mother of a daughter of marriageable age, she is also older than Austen’s heroines, including Anne Elliott.

But Lady Susan does have the financial desperation that many women in Austen’s novels face. As a widow, she is forced to depend on friends and relatives to keep a roof over her head. Her story begins as she is evicted from one house after “engaging at the same time… the affections of two Men who were neither of them at liberty to bestow them.” The joy of a good epistolary work is that you get to see things from the points of view of different characters. Austen accomplishes that well here. Readers observe Lady Susan from her own point of view and through the eyes of others as she plays with yet another man’s affections and tries to force her daughter to marry the wealthy but dim Sir James Martin. Austen created many delightful characters. Wicked Susan Vernon is definitely among them.

Love and Friendship

Love and Friendship stays true to Lady Susan while making the necessary changes for an epistolary story to work as a movie. Although some of the plot is still propelled by letters, there are many face-to-face encounters that did not occur in Austen’s novella. The movie even brings in an additional character at the beginning so that Lady Susan will have someone with whom she can share thoughts that would otherwise be revealed in letters to her friend, Alicia Johnson.

The movie’s Susan Vernon is every bit as manipulative as her counterpart in the novella, but as we see her in action, it becomes clear just how she can to win men over — even sensible men who have been warned about her — “without the charm of Youth.” I never found myself wanting her to succeed in her plots, but it was easy to see how she might be able to do so, despite the best efforts of those who saw through her.

While Lady Susan may be charming, my favorite character was Sir James Martin. In the movie we see him in his full glory. He is perpetually cheerful and unbelievably simple. I have to bite my tongue to keep from sharing my favorite example of Sir James’ astonishing (yet somehow endearing) stupidity. I want readers who have not yet seen the film to enjoy the surprise. Watch the movie, and you’ll know exactly which scene I’m thinking of.

If you have read Austen’s major novels but haven’t gone as far as to seek out the rest of her writing, I encourage you to do so. While there’s far more to her minor works than “Love and Friendship” and Lady Susan, those two pieces are delightful examples of her youthful humor and her adeptness at creating characters. And if you love Austen in particular or period pieces in general, you should not miss Love and Friendship.

 

Categories
Make a Difference

Fight Declining Biodiversity

Promoting agricultural biodiversity can prevent famine.
Ireland’s Great Famine illustrates the importance of agricultural biodiversity.

What’s the big deal about biodiversity?

I first grasped the importance of biodiversity when I learned about the Irish Potato Famine. There are thousands of varieties of potatoes, but the people of Ireland became dependent primarily on one variety for food, making it easy for blight to wipe out much of the country’s food supply.

We’ve learned since then, right?

Maybe not. While we may not get most of our calories from one crop, the vast majority of what we eat comes from only 30 species. And when I saw “what we eat,” I’m not referring to the United States. I’m referring to the world.

Beyond that, climate change is threatening biodiversity, as is the decline in the number of pollinators. (Likewise, a decline in biodiversity affects pollinators.)

So, what can we do about it?

Declining biodiversity is so big and frightening to think about, it’s easy to just decide there’s nothing that can be done. Better to binge on the latest Netflix shows and just hope that nothing dire actually happens — at least, not during our lifetime. Right?

Of course not. Environmental problems like this are worrisome, but we can do something. Lots of things, actually. Here are just a few ideas to get you started:

  • Go ahead and be a hipster food snob. Buy or grow the odd, heirloom varieties. As demand for unusual crops increases, the farmers will follow. You can purchase heirloom seeds from companies like Seed Savers, Victory Seed Company, Renee’s Garden,  and Seeds of Change.
  • Use the Monterey Bay Aquarium’s Seafood Watch to guide you toward sustainable seafood choices.
  • Participate in the National Wildlife Federation’s Certified Wildlife Habitat program.
  • Even if you don’t wish to pursue wildlife habitat certification, you can still landscape for pollinators, including using native plants in your yard.
  • Fight climate change through your personal actions and, more importantly, by speaking up in favor of government programs designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
  • Support a conservation organization, such as Defenders of Wildlife.
  • Tell others about the importance of biodiversity and what they can do to promote it.

Pick an idea from the list above and commit to putting it into practice over the next few months. Then go ahead and watch some Netflix guilt-free!